方法一、防腐木加工—浸泡法
Method 1: antiseptic wood processing soaking method
在常溫常壓下，將木材浸泡在盛防腐劑溶液的槽或池中，木材始終處于液面以下部位。浸泡時間視樹種、木材規格、含水率和藥劑類型而定，具體以達到規定的藥劑保持量和透入度為準。
Under normal temperature and pressure, the wood is immersed in the tank or pool containing preservative solution, and the wood is always below the liquid level. The soaking time depends on the tree species, wood specifications, moisture content and the type of chemicals. The specific soaking time is subject to the specified amount of chemicals and penetration.
為了改善處理效果，在浸泡液中可設置超聲波、加熱裝置，以及添加表面活性劑，改進木材的滲透性。視浸泡時間的長短，浸泡法可分瞬間浸漬(時問數秒至數分鐘)、短期浸泡(時間數分鐘至數小時)和長期浸泡(時間數小時至1個月)。適用于單板和補救性防腐處理，以及臨時性的木材。
In order to improve the treatment effect, ultrasonic wave, heating device and surfactant can be set in the soaking solution to improve the permeability of wood. Depending on the soaking time, the soaking method can be divided into instantaneous soaking (time from seconds to minutes), short-term soaking (time from minutes to hours) and long-term soaking (time from hours to one month). Suitable for veneer and remedial preservative treatment, as well as temporary wood.
方法二、防腐木加工—擴散法
Method 2: antiseptic wood processing diffusion method
根據分子擴散原理，借助于木材中的水分作為藥劑擴散的載體，藥劑由高濃度向低濃度擴散，擴散到木材的深層。兇此，擴散法防腐處理木材須具備如下條件：
According to the principle of molecular diffusion, with the help of water in wood as the carrier of agent diffusion, the agent diffuses from high concentration to low concentration, and diffuses to the deep layer of wood. Therefore, the wood treated by diffusion method must have the following conditions:
1、小材含水率足夠高，通常為35%～40%以上，生材好;
1. The moisture content of small wood is high enough, usually more than 35% - 40%, and the raw wood is good;
2、水載型藥劑(擴散型)，溶解度高，且固化慢;
2. The water-borne agent (diffusion type) has high solubility and slow solidification;
3、環境溫度和濕度較高。按作業過程，擴散法可分漿膏擴做法、浸漬或噴淋擴散法、綁帶擴散法、鉆孔擴散法(或點滴擴散法)和雙劑擴散法。擴散法處理設備投資少生產工藝簡單。易在廣大的農村應用和推廣。與此法類似的還有樹液置換法。
3. The environment temperature and humidity are high. According to the operation process, the diffusion method can be divided into paste diffusion method, impregnation or spray diffusion method, binding diffusion method, drilling diffusion method (or drop diffusion method) and double agent diffusion method. The diffusion process has less equipment investment and simple production process. It is easy to be applied and popularized in rural areas. Similar to this method is the sap replacement method.
方法三、防腐木加工—熱冷槽
Method 3: antiseptic wood processing - hot and cold trough
利用熱脹冷縮的原理，使木材內的氣體熱脹冷縮，產生壓力差，以便克服液體的滲透阻力，即將木材在熱的液體中加熱。令小材中的空氣膨脹，部分水分也蒸發，木材內部壓力高于大氣壓，空氣和水蒸氣向外部溢出.
Based on the principle of heat expansion and cold contraction, the gas in the wood is heated and cold contracted to produce pressure difference, so as to overcome the penetration resistance of the liquid, that is, to heat the wood in the hot liquid. The pressure inside the wood is higher than the atmospheric pressure, and the air and water vapor overflow to the outside
此時，迅速將木材置于較冷的液體中，木材驟冷，木材內的空氣因收縮產生負壓，冷的液體滲入木材內。按處理方法及冷槽的配置，可分雙槽交替法、單槽熱冷液交替法和單槽置冷法。由于處理效率較低(與加壓法比)，單位產品的能耗大，通用于小批量的木材防腐處理。
At this time, the wood is quickly placed in a relatively cold liquid, the wood is suddenly cooled, the air in the wood generates negative pressure due to shrinkage, and the cold liquid seeps into the wood. According to the treatment method and the configuration of cold tank, it can be divided into two tank alternating method, single tank hot and cold liquid alternating method and single tank cooling method. Due to the low efficiency (compared with the pressure method) and high energy consumption per unit product, it is generally used in small batch of wood preservative treatment.
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